---
{
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "version": "1.2.0",
  "id": "E-RECALL",
  "kind": "evidence",
  "title": "Budiu: recognition and recall",
  "summary": "Promote recognition in user interfaces.",
  "evidenceType": "practitioner",
  "citation": "Raluca Budiu. Memory Recognition and Recall in User Interfaces. Nielsen Norman Group, January 15, 2024.",
  "url": "https://www.nngroup.com/articles/recognition-and-recall/",
  "reviewed": "2026-09-13"
}
---

# Budiu: recognition and recall

**Type:** practitioner. **Reviewed:** 2026-09-13.

## Source

Raluca Budiu. Memory Recognition and Recall in User Interfaces. Nielsen Norman Group, January 15, 2024.

[Original / authoritative source](https://www.nngroup.com/articles/recognition-and-recall/)

## Scope

Promote recognition in user interfaces.

## Limitations

An authoritative practitioner explanation of contextual cues and memory retrieval. Its relevance to keeping comparison factors visible is an inference; it does not measure the memory cost of our scrolling or navigation variants.